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Today, sports are still gender specific but not as much as before due to the change in social norms. The greatest correction it made was in the area of athletics, but social justice of Title IX applies to many other areas as well. Department of Education, 1997 Title IX did much more than what the average mind thinks of when they hear the words: Title IX....

Though women have made considerable inroads as teachers, faculty, and administrators, they are still under-represented in the highest levels of education i. These amendments assure that everyone who wants an education is treated equally no matter what race or gender, to create opportunities for everyone.

Sign Up / Sign In - Department of Education issued a letter in response to Title IX complaints. The attitudes acquired through sports are learned on the field and breached into the real world to create conflict between the sexes.

AIAW Women have faced an uphill battle throughout the history of sports whether it is to be able to compete in sports, to attain equal funding for programs, to have access to facilities, or a number of other obstacles that have been thrown in their ways. Women have had to organize and administer their own sports structure rather than compete within the men's structure that existed. The sheer strength and determination of many women sports heroes is what propels women's sport to keep going.... All women should be able to play baseball with men and there is no legitimate reason why they shouldn't. Women are physically, mentally, and emotionally capable of playing baseball just as men are. With that being said their biological sex or gender should not and does not affect their ability to play baseball in the company of men.... Throughout history, women have been both excluded from playing sports and discriminated against in sports. Although this was a huge gain for women, gender inequality still exists in sports today.... Relatively, it hasn't been that long since women were not even socially permitted to participate in sports or any kind of physical activity-- now, I dare say, it's nearly expected. There are still remnants of past gender-types, but overall I think the image of women in sports has changed dramatically. It used to be that women were not allowed to participate in sports-- beyond just being seen as unbecoming and unfeminine, it was actually believed that physical activity would harm a woman's reproductive system.... The triumphs and defeats of a favorite athlete or team can unite families, cities, even whole countries on a level that few other events can. Felisa Rogers claims that a love for football is what brought her and her husband closer together.... It is no longer an issue of women not being taken seriously or being looked down upon if they decide to be athletes, but that men want to take part in competition with women in sports. This film thus focuses on the struggles that the male protagonist faces in trying to compete with the popularity of women's sports and his desire to take part in the world of women's sports.... Women weren't aloud to watch most sporting events let alone participate in them. Not till late 19th century did women really begin participating in sporting events. Although women were permitted to participate in many sports, relatively few showed interest, for a variety of social and psychological reasons that are still poorly understood. In the past, women have had fewer chances of being recognized. However, as the years have gone by, new opportunities have sprung up and women are now able to assume many of the roles alongside men. Moreover, there has always been a stereotype that women cannot be equal to men in sports. This is because of health issues or just simply because of their physical abilities.... Through the readings, films, and discussions, we have looked at the image of women in sport. Discuss the images of women in sport and how they are affected by today's cultural ideal of women. All of the films that we watched provided different perspectives on how the image of women is situated in our culture. From the first movie, Dare to Compete, which highlighted the development of women's participation in sports, to Love and Basketball, which fully accepts women's participation in sports, we examined a range of views and opinions on the proper role of women in sports.... Before I started school, I spent a large portion of my days outside, being an active child. I continued to be active throughout elementary school, and then in middle and high school I joined just about every sports team I could, including: cross country, golf, volleyball, gymnastics, and track. I have always been interested in sports and living an active lifestyle, so when I reached high school and became more competitive, I wanted the best equipment to reach my athletic potential.... In Purse Snatching by Donna Lopiano, she points out sexism may have a huge effect on this financial discrepancy between women and men athletes.... Throughout history, society has clearly defined the roles that men and women were expected to play. In these roles, men were seen as both physically and mentally stronger, and women were seen as more gentle, caring and physically and mentally weaker. As such, men participating in sports which demonstrate grace and elegance was not, and to some extent, still is not considered to be the norm. Likewise, women participating in sports which demonstrate or require a great deal of physical strength is considered to be un-ladylike.... After World War III broke out, the world was destroyed in the year 2008. The survivors have no memory of what their planet used to be like, or how they used to live. The earth is covered in layers of debris that archaeologists are sifting through to figure out how people lived before the world was destroyed. First, discrimination in sports media commentary is still present, albeit highly subtle and no longer overpoweringly oppressive as it was presented in past literature. Nevertheless, the media continues to strongly encourage the sexualization of female athletes. Professional women¡¦s athletics is characterized by an economic model and a level of acceptance amongst the masses that differs immensely from their male counterparts.... Many restrictions were enforced to keep women out of these male activities and were continually reinforced until the twentieth century. Women entering the world of sports were aware that they were placing themselves into a male dominated field. With their entrance into the sporting world, these women have opened themselves up to many different criticisms and to the possibility of exploitation within the media and from male authority figures.... Women have an abundant supply of soft and semi-fluid cellular tissue which creates softness and delicacy of mind, low power, nonresistance, passivity and under favourable circumstances, a habit of self-sacrifice. Of that there can be little doubt. Women may now hold jobs, own property and participate in professional sports. Today women can compete in sports, once a vestige of male domination; there is now room for women in that arena. But even today women in sports are not portrayed in the same light as their male counterparts. To a large degree this is because of today's cultural ideal of women. Since the beginning of this century women like Babe Didrickson and Billy Jean King have brought female athletes into mainstream acceptance.... In the course of history, very little has come easily. The progress that women have made in sport in the United States over the course of the last 100 years seems remarkable for the amount achieved in so little time. In relation to the other advances made in this century, including men's sport, that achievement dims. While women have made great advances, they haven't, in comparison, come that far. It would appear, from the outside, that men's sport will forever have all of the advantages, all of the rewards, all of the prestige, while women's sport is left to perpetual inequality.... Through my observations I did find that the sports arena and sports broadcasting sphere are male dominated. However, I also found that although there are not many stories about women, there has been a steady progression and magazines like Sports Illustrated are becoming bold enough to highlight women athletes in a magazine that is targeted towards a male audience.... The Olympic Games is a key example of women have to merge and submerge with a male dominated organization. The first modern Olympics, held in 1896, did not allow women participants. And when women were allowed to participate, in 1900, it was in only three sports and out of the 1,225 athletes, only nineteen were women.... Currently TV stations do minimal coverage of women's sports, while newspapers and magazines do just a little bit better. I learned that these sports writers love to cover women's games, especially girls highschool basketball games. Gary said that he would rather watch a Parowan-Beaver girls game over the boys anyday. The football field can illustrate the battle between good and evil. The baseball pitcher, nearing retirement, can come back to give one last game and wow the crown one last time before gracefully surrendering the field. Isn't that what sports represent. The good guys i. It's not quite war, but it might as well be war without causalities.... Today, sports are still gender specific but not as much as before due to the change in social norms. Many people enjoy playing sports. For some it may be the competition, for others it may be for the love of the game. It has been difficult for individuals who enter non-traditional sports for their gender. Women have especially struggled with this matter until the Title 9 was issued.... Whereas women are expected to comply to their gender role prescribing passivity and compliance, athletes are connoted with an aggressive, competitive nature. Furthermore, society trains women to be ashamed of their bodies and supplies an unrealistic ideal body type and encourages restricting feminine clothing, whereas athletes must have a keen understanding and appreciation of their bodies.... In this course we have viewed several films all dealing with the depiction of female athletes in an attempt to gauge society's current perception of women in sport. I will briefly summarize each film and the main themes of the films before providing a description of the female athlete which I will infer from commonalities between the films. The first film we watched was a documentary entitled, Dare to Compete; it provided a brief history of women in film, focusing primarily on American women in sport from the late 19th century to the present.... Some of these differences include competitiveness, goal orientation, self-confidence, motivation, mental toughness, incentives, preferences, etc. According to Anne Bowker in Sports Participation and Self-Esteem, Men have an advantage over women in sports because they're more aggressive and have higher self-esteem 2003. There has always been that stereotype of boys being more athletic than girls. The gender segregation of sports reflects more than just physical differences between men and women.... They might or might not choose to continue with their sport although movies are usually shy of showing women who actually choose to abandon a blossoming sports career in favour of something more 'socially acceptable'. However, when we first meet the female heroine in almost all the movies, she is a young tomboy. The figures of Jess in 'Bend It Like Beckham' or Monica in 'Love and Basketball' are remarkably similar as children.... Yet, only the upper class had the privilege of sporting activities such as horse riding, archery, golf, tennis, skiing, and skating in those days.... As a result of Title IX, women and girls have benefited from more athletic participation opportunities and more equitable facilities. Because of Title IX, more women have received athletic scholarships and thus opportunities for higher education that some may not have been able to afford otherwise.... Being the first person to break into a non-traditional sport would obviously be trying on the athlete, who would have to face the questioning and criticisms of media, fans, and even their fellow athletes. Gender is only one of the few ways in which people are categorized according to their proficiency for some athletic activities.... Athletes are able to experience sports personally, while spectators usually experience sports through different channels of mass media. Realizing the effects that the world of athletics has on individuals and society as a whole is vital to the understanding of how sports can positively and negatively effect athletes as well as spectators. To deepen our understanding of the cultural values embedded in sports and to explore current values and power structures regarding men and women, it is necessary to investigate the effect that the medi... But in the past few decades, a new battlefield has emerged in the sports-mad city's culture war - women's sports. This fresh fight, taken up recently by a professional soccer organization and Title IX-backed activists at Boston's many colleges, isn't so much against anti-inclusive bigwigs - modern day Yawkeys - but against norms, financial constraints and fan interest.... Some would say this is due, in part, to Title IX enforcement standards like proportionality.... These organizations merged or dissolved as other male dominated institutions began to include women's competitive sports. The NCAA saw the potential for additional revenue as the AIAW grew. Rather than lose significant financial resources the NCAA insisted that its member institutions offer women championships.... The audience is positioned to unconsciously agree with such proposition even before reading the rest of the article. This convinces the reader to admire Perry because of her appearance instead of her sporting abilities.... These male athletes are very popular in the professional sports world. But what about Dot Richardson, Rebecca Lobo, Sheryl Swoopes, Mia Hamm, and Cammi Granato to name a few more. These are female professional athletes that some might recognize, but their names are not as popular as the men's names.... Prior to the Roaring Twenties, only upper-class women had participated in sports. These wealthy women had joined sports clubs, social clubs, and country clubs. An example of a woman like this would be Jordan Baker, a character from the novel The Great Gatsby.... It was the inaugural season, the inaugural game in Madison Square Garden, June 27, 1997. The president of the WNBA Val Ackerman tossed the ball up in center court as cameras recorded Kim Hampton of the New York Liberty and Lisa Leslie of the L. Sparks reached to tip the ball. This was a huge event and the crowd's noise level was a complete acknowledgement of that fact. Madison Square Garden was packed, the lights went out and the screams got louder; this was history.... Title IX has allowed teams of girls for almost every sport as well as better opportunities for sports scholarships to college and many other privileges only given to boys for their talents in sports. Under all these legal provisions and establishments for the encouragement of women in sports, women should now really be able to do any kind of sport they want in as much freedom as is afforded to men in sports.... Suggestions have sprung up that Babe was not a woman at all. These suggestions have come from beer corporations and radical right-wing opponents of a new growing opinion that men and women's sports should equally share primetime TV slots. Gail had never heard of Babe. Gail writes movie reviews and articles in the Arts section.... Right now the market for women's professional sports is growing rapidly. The best way for women's sporting organizations to promote and sell this market is to align with previously established organizations such as the NBA, NCAA and the USOIC. Although joining with men's organizations is a difficult process that involves compromise, merging with these organizations helps to land big television contracts, gives greater publicity, and brings in endorsements, advertisers and inv... Women in Professional Sports Ever since the ancient Greece, men have held athletic competitions or sports. It is only in modern times that women have had an opportunity to compete. In the past athletic instructors adapted the rules to make sports less physically taxing for women. For instance in basketball, to ensure that girls maintain proper decorum, they were forbidden from snatching the ball and dribbling it more than three times in row.... Many people spend considerable time in front of the television, in sports grounds and traveling all over the country to support their respective club whether it be football, rugby, cricket or netball etc. However whilst playing, spectating or just generally being involved in a sport, things can go wrong and this very often results in an action in the civil or criminal courts.... The first ten years 1972 - 1982 after Title IX is the focus of this investigation to see if Title IX affected women right away and how society saw women sports. Of course this boundary crossing is significant culturally and socially as it challenges conventional view of male and female characteristics and roles. When altering a customary view of gender in a society, there are both costs and benefits to that society.... As with all other aspects in life, scholarships and sport choices provide women with different opportunities than men. This has been a recurring issue ever since women began participating in university athletics on a steady basis. Because of the lack of funding and opportunities, female athletes suffer unfair disadvantages to men in the area of athletics.... The idea of what men and women can do for fun in sports has been shaped by the American society in many different ways through the media, schooling and education, and professional sports organizations. America portrays women playing field hockey and doing synchronized swimming while men do boxing, and body building.... The attitudes acquired through sports are learned on the field and breached into the real world to create conflict between the sexes. The issue of gender inequality goes far beyond the sports world, yet male dominated organizations form and support the sexes. With this separation of sexes we see the social and cultural strain on athletes participating in opposite gender sports, because society frowns on women participating in male dominated sports.... Like the ideal image of women, there are many variations of the ideal image of female athletes. While Dare to Compete tracked the evolution of the role of the real female athletes, the feature films we watched presented varying views of the ideal female athlete, which has been different in different times and places.... You have been commissioned to write a movie script about women's sports and current society. What is the theme. Who are the protagonists. What are the issues and how does the movie end. Due to the nature of this course, most of the films that have been shown concerned the discrimination women face when they attempt to compete against men in athletic areas that have long been considered unfit for their participation.... Instead of addressing the racial issue, it will follow the integration of women into the tradition of football. The unification comes about when a professional football is given the choice to drop out of the world altogether or merge their male and female teams due to new law that states that all teams must be coed.... After the issuing of Title IX, many women in sports wished to step forward and be recognized. Part of the recognition they wanted was to be included in National Sports Associations like the men's National Basketball Association. Eventually their cries were heard, and sports associations like the NBA agreed to merge and include women.... The ability for young girls and women to participate in athletics provides an avenue to experience competitive environments as well as build self-confidence in a world still dominated by men. But, somehow, that all changed. However, despite all that it has done, the law is not perfect and enforcement of it can be improved. When you match up men and women with the same lean body mass and size, the differences are small. However, absolute strength and size are not key factor i sports such as soccer and baseball. Baseball and soccer are games involving skills that are combination of timing, coordination, strength, knowledge of the game, strategies,control, competitiveness and desire.... Social change has been marked by men and women participating in non-traditional roles for their sex. Athletics is one field where non-traditional roles are both applauded and derided by society.... They want the same job opportunities, the ability to be given a good deal on a car, and the right to choose to stay home. Another area that women have recently begun fighting for equality in, is the sporting world. From professional sports teams such as the Women's National Basketball Association down through college, high school, and even elementary age teams, women are fighting for equality in a variety of sports activities.... These stories intertwine with evidence supporting the implied claim; the typical college student is no longer the 18 to 20 year old. Providing intimate details about the lives of these diverse women, Rimer leaves the reader admiring their triumph over gendered expectations of generations past by going back to college.... There are those who choose to work within the rules of the system as is it is already structured by the dominant social group, and there are those who choose to create their own branch, rewriting the rules to represent their own philosophies. Historically, women's athletics have been led by the second camp; by women who demanded a philosophy of sport with a vision unique from that of men? Preamble to Title IX Title IX was a social justice landmark for women in the United States. Women who directly benefited from Title IX were athletes, as it gave them opportunities to participate in sports in schools, receive the same amount of funding as the male sports programs, and for the first time gave women the opportunities to earn scholarships for sports.... The sport of soccer is taking the country by storm. More specifically, women's soccer has soared to new levels in the past fifteen years. This leads to multiple future college student-athletes being recruited by college coaches. Athletics In 1929, the 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote. This was a breakthrough for America and an enormous step towards equal opportunities for women everywhere. Being given the right to vote created a sense of long awaited and greatly deserved equality with men. Even though women were given the right to vote, over 70 years ago, the government still has to make a law to ensure that equal treatment is given. Title IX was instated in 1972 to provide women with the same athletic opportunities as men in universities across the United States.... Indeed, changing the structure of any the institution is a struggle that is not by any means easily won. The institution of sport presents a unique set of boundaries to overcome with regard to gender equality in male-dominated sports.... A woman is the opposite: tough, constant, enduring, level and calm under the pain to which her biology exposes her. On the average she is more patient than a man. Armed with these advantages, women are in a position to do endurance feats previously considered by men to be impossible. It has done a lot during its years by increasing womens sports at all levels and even decreasing mens sports at mainly the collegiate level.... The pursuit of fame, wealth and status can blind the human conscience, which is why it is important for us to encourage athletes to voice their opinions.... It constructs ones gender by oppressing women due to their exclusion in partaking in sporting events as well as by providing an outlet for men to vent and regain their manhood. In the early years, sports were played only by the men, and the women were to sit on the sidelines and watch. This was another area of life exemplifying the sexism of people in which women were not allowed to do something that men could. However, over the last century in particular, things have begun to change. Here the people are put into categories that rank each individual by how much money they make. There are two classes by which people fit; top and bottom. The top consisting of the athletes and the bottom although bigger then the top holds all of the supporting fans. The top class is also split up into smaller niches where the highest paid players are above the ones making league minimum salary. Social stratification persists over generations.... The ideology of sports transcending cultural barriers exists in the world today. As evident in the Olympics and several other sporting games across the world which unite a diverse culture range we can look at the empirical evidence as proof of such ideas. The impact of sports reaches much further than serving as entertainment or recreation. Some people argue the notion of cultural imperialism over cultural transcendence in relation to the history of sports.... The responsibility of the role model is to provide an example to black people of personal success achieved within the laws and customs of the realm. Racial tension in the era was still high, and turmoil over the black athlete playing professional baseball was constantly criticized. What sense of pride do Americans get from belittling one another. Something that may never clearly be understood. As humans, people often get confused when the term sexism is used. Almost instantly the word is used in the context of men thinking they are superior to women. It is forgotten at times that the word sexism means stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination.... Women are physical, mentally, and emotional capable just as men are, their biological sex or gender does not affect their ability to play baseball in the company of men. In addition their sex should not deem their athletic ability as inferior in comparison to men. Since the adoption of baseball as an American pastime, the sport of baseball as been cultivated and altered to amputate women exuding the masculinity of baseball.... The United Nations Human Rights Center helps regulate and provides information on human rights. For many years certain rights did not exist in America for slightly under half of the American population. This group of people was made up of every woman living in the United States.... Ancient Greece fostered a demeaning role for women restricting their level of education, choice in marriage, and enforcing strict social norms. However, persuading shreds of evidence suggest that some Greek females did participate in athletic competitions alongside men, primarily at religious ceremonies as they advanced toward maturity....

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They could ask them how they felt they were treated during the process or if they felt justice was done. At this time though I do not see this as a problem. First, discrimination in sports media commentary is still present, albeit highly subtle and no longer overpoweringly oppressive as it was presented in past literature. Moreover, there has always been a stereotype that women cannot be equal to men in sports. The Chronicle of High Education, 49. From professional sports teams such as the Women's National Basketball Association down through college, high school, and even responsible age teams, women are fighting for equality in a variety of sports activities. As a result of Title IX, women and girls have benefited from more athletic participation opportunities and more equitable facilities. Through the readings, films, and discussions, we have looked at the image of women in north. While women have made great advances, they haven't, in comparison, come that far. Preamble to Title IX Title IX was a social justice landmark for women in the United States. Women entering the world of sports were aware that they were placing themselves into a male dominated field.